The first type of action involves integrating an experience with an explicit, personal sense of ownership: “That happened to me, and I think and feel thus and so about it.” The second type of action is that of being firmly grounded in the present and integrating one’s past, present, and future. It manifests in acting in the present in the most adaptive, mindful manner.
Both ANP and EP lack full realization of the present, are unable to live fully in the present. They also lack complete realization of their traumatization, that it is over, and often have been unable to realize a multitude of other experiences, leaving much unfinished business.